An entity that can display spherical panoramas in an equirectangular projection.

The panoramic image is mapped into a sphere using in the equirectangular projection.

The units are the degrees. This is the same projection that is used for the EPSG:4326 coordinate system.

In this projection:

  • the center of the image is at [0, 0]
  • the top left corner is at [-180, +90],
  • the top right corner is at [+180, +90],
  • the bottom right corner is at [+180, -90],
  • the bottom left corner is at [-180, -90],

This special coordinate system is used for layers that are added to this entity. It is technically equivalent to the EPSG:4326 system, but since the images projected into the sphere are not georeferenced in an actual cartographic coordinate system, we use this special CRS.

All image sources must express extents in this coordinate system.

This entity is a subclass of Map. To load a panoramic images, you must add it as a ColorLayer with addLayer.

  • For simple images, such as JPG, PNG and WebP, use a StaticImageSource. Note that the image dimensions cannot exceed WebGL's MAX_TEXTURE_SIZE (4096 pixels), and that the extent of this source must be expressed in the 'equirectangular'CRS (see note below).

  • For images that exceed WebGL's MAX_TEXTURE_SIZE, you can convert them to GeoTIFF / COG with GDAL, in the EPSG:4326 coordinate system and appropriate georeferencing parameters (i.e if the image uses the entire equirectangular projection, its extent would be -180, -90, +180, +90), then load it through a GeoTIFFSource. It will be streamed efficiently to save memory and HTTP bandwidth. Again, the CRS of this source must be 'equirectangular'.

  • You can also load arbitrary vector features in the 'equirectangular' coordinate system using a VectorSource, and they will be positioned accordingly on the surface of the sphere. This can be used for example to digitize geometries from features visible in the panoramic image. If the features are already expressed in the equirectangular projection, no need to mention it in the constructor of the source.

Panoramic images generally have an orientation expressed in heading, pitch and roll (typically in degrees).

Use the setOrientation method to set the orientation of the image for a given coordinate system.

panorama.setOrientation({ heading: 56, pitch: -3, roll: 1 });

In planar coordinate systems, the rotation angles are applied to the local XYZ axes of the entity.

In the EPSG:4978 coordinate system, the sphere is first rotated to match the local reference East, North, Up (ENU) reference frame at the coordinate of the center of the sphere, then the angles are applied.

Hierarchy (view full)

Constructors

Properties

Accessors

Methods

Constructors

Properties

_distance: {
    max: number;
    min: number;
}
extent: Extent
hasDefaultPointOfView: true = ...

Readonly flag to check if a given object implements HasDefaultPointOfView.

hasLayers: true = ...

Read-only flag to check if a given object is of type HasLayers.

id: string

The unique identifier of this entity.

isEntity: boolean = ...

Read-only flag to check if a given object is of type Entity.

isEntity3D: boolean = ...

Read-only flag to check if a given object is of type Entity3D.

isMap: true = ...
isMemoryUsage: true = ...

Readonly flag to indicate that his object implements MemoryUsage.

isPickable = true
isPickableFeatures: true = ...
isSphericalPanorama: true = ...
maxSubdivisionLevel: number
name: undefined | string

The name of this entity.

type: "SphericalPanorama" = ...

The name of the type of this object.

userData: EntityUserData

An object that can be used to store custom data about the Entity.

Accessors

  • get backgroundOpacity(): number
  • Gets or sets the background opacity.

    Returns number

  • set backgroundOpacity(opacity): void
  • Parameters

    • opacity: number

    Returns void

  • get castShadow(): boolean
  • Toggles the .castShadow property on objects generated by this entity.

    Returns boolean

  • set castShadow(v): void
  • Parameters

    • v: boolean

    Returns void

  • get clippingPlanes(): null | Plane[]
  • Gets or sets the clipping planes set on this entity. Default is null (no clipping planes).

    Note: custom entities must ensure that the materials and shaders used do support the clipping plane feature of three.js. Refer to the three.js documentation for more information.

    Returns null | Plane[]

  • set clippingPlanes(planes): void
  • Parameters

    Returns void

  • get depthTest(): boolean
  • Gets or sets depth testing on materials.

    Returns boolean

  • set depthTest(v): void
  • Parameters

    • v: boolean

    Returns void

  • get discardNoData(): boolean
  • Toggles discard no-data pixels.

    Returns boolean

  • set discardNoData(opacity): void
  • Parameters

    • opacity: boolean

    Returns void

  • get distance(): {
        max: number;
        min: number;
    }
  • Returns {
        max: number;
        min: number;
    }

    • max: number
    • min: number
  • get frozen(): boolean
  • Gets or sets the frozen status of this entity. A frozen entity is still visible but will not be updated automatically.

    Useful for debugging purposes.

    Returns boolean

  • set frozen(v): void
  • Parameters

    • v: boolean

    Returns void

  • get layerCount(): number
  • Returns the number of layers currently in this object.

    Returns number

  • get loading(): boolean
  • Returns true if this map is currently processing data.

    Returns boolean

  • get opacity(): number
  • Gets or sets the opacity of this entity.

    Returns number

  • set opacity(v): void
  • Parameters

    • v: number

    Returns void

  • get progress(): number
  • Gets the loading progress (between 0 and 1) of the map. This is the average progress of all layers in this map. Note: if no layer is present, this will always be 1. Note: This value is only meaningful is loading is true.

    Returns number

  • get ready(): boolean
  • Determine if this entity is ready to use.

    Returns boolean

  • get receiveShadow(): boolean
  • Toggles the .receiveShadow property on objects generated by this entity.

    Note that map tiles will receive shadows only if lighting mode is set to MapLightingMode.LightBased.

    Returns boolean

  • set receiveShadow(v): void
  • Parameters

    • v: boolean

    Returns void

  • get renderOrder(): number
  • Gets or sets the render order of this entity.

    Returns number

  • set renderOrder(v): void
  • Parameters

    • v: number

    Returns void

  • get rootTiles(): readonly TileMesh[]
  • Gets the tiles at the root of the hierarchy (i.e LOD 0).

    Returns readonly TileMesh[]

  • get segments(): number
  • Returns number

  • set segments(v): void
  • Parameters

    • v: number

    Returns void

  • get showBoundingBoxes(): boolean
  • Shows volumes of tiles.

    Returns boolean

  • set showBoundingBoxes(show): void
  • Parameters

    • show: boolean

    Returns void

  • get showBoundingSpheres(): boolean
  • Shows volumes of tiles.

    Returns boolean

  • set showBoundingSpheres(show): void
  • Parameters

    • show: boolean

    Returns void

  • get showColliderMeshes(): boolean
  • Shows meshes used for raycasting purposes.

    Returns boolean

  • set showColliderMeshes(show): void
  • Parameters

    • show: boolean

    Returns void

  • get showTileOutlines(): boolean
  • Shows tile outlines.

    Returns boolean

  • set showTileOutlines(show): void
  • Parameters

    • show: boolean

    Returns void

  • get side(): Side
  • Gets or sets the sidedness of the map surface:

    • FrontSide will only display the "above ground" side of the map (in cartesian maps), or the outer shell of the map (in globe settings).
    • BackSide will only display the "underground" side of the map (in cartesian maps), or the inner shell of the map (in globe settings).
    • DoubleSide will display both sides of the map.

    Returns Side

    FrontSide

  • set side(newSide): void
  • Parameters

    Returns void

  • get subdivisionThreshold(): number
  • The global factor that drives SSE (screen space error) computation. The lower this value, the sooner a tile is subdivided. Note: changing this scale to a value less than 1 can drastically increase the number of tiles displayed in the scene, and can even lead to WebGL crashes.

    Returns number

  • set subdivisionThreshold(v): void
  • Parameters

    • v: number

    Returns void

  • get tileIndex(): Readonly<TileIndex<TileMesh>>
  • Returns Readonly<TileIndex<TileMesh>>

  • get visible(): boolean
  • Gets or sets the visibility of this entity. A non-visible entity will not be automatically updated.

    Returns boolean

  • set visible(v): void
  • Parameters

    • v: boolean

    Returns void

  • get wireframe(): boolean
  • Displays the map tiles in wireframe.

    Returns boolean

  • set wireframe(v): void
  • Parameters

    • v: boolean

    Returns void

Methods

  • Adds a listener to an event type.

    Type Parameters

    • T extends
          | "initialized"
          | "frozen-property-changed"
          | "visible-property-changed"
          | "layer-order-changed"
          | "layer-added"
          | "layer-removed"
          | "elevation-changed"
          | "paint-complete"
          | "opacity-property-changed"
          | "clippingPlanes-property-changed"
          | "renderOrder-property-changed"
          | "object-created"

    Parameters

    Returns void

  • Adds a layer, then returns the created layer. Before using this method, make sure that the map is added in an instance. If the extent or the projection of the layer is not provided, those values will be inherited from the map.

    Type Parameters

    Parameters

    • layer: TLayer

      the layer to add

    Returns Promise<TLayer>

    a promise resolving when the layer is ready

  • Test whether this entity contains the given object.

    The object may be a component of the entity, or a 3D object.

    Parameters

    • obj: unknown

      The object to test.

    Returns boolean

    true if the entity contains the object.

  • Fire an event type.

    Type Parameters

    • T extends
          | "initialized"
          | "frozen-property-changed"
          | "visible-property-changed"
          | "layer-order-changed"
          | "layer-added"
          | "layer-removed"
          | "elevation-changed"
          | "paint-complete"
          | "opacity-property-changed"
          | "clippingPlanes-property-changed"
          | "renderOrder-property-changed"
          | "object-created"

    Parameters

    Returns void

  • Disposes this map and associated unmanaged resources.

    Note: By default, layers in this map are not automatically disposed, except when disposeLayers is true.

    Parameters

    • options: {
          disposeLayers?: boolean;
      } = ...

      Options.

      • OptionaldisposeLayers?: boolean

    Returns void

  • Filters what objects need to be updated, based on updatedSources. The returned objects are then passed to preUpdate and postUpdate.

    Inherited classes should override shouldFullUpdate and shouldUpdate if they need to change this behavior.

    Parameters

    • updateSources: Set<unknown>

      Sources that triggered an update

    Returns Set<unknown>

    Set of objects to update

  • Returns an approximated bounding box of this entity in the scene.

    Returns null | Box3

    the resulting bounding box, or null if it could not be computed.

  • Returns a point of view that is located at the center of the sphere, and looking at the center of the image.

    Note: only perspective cameras are supported. Any other camera type will return null.

    Parameters

    • params: {
          camera: Camera;
      }
      • camera: Camera

        The camera to compute the point of view.

    Returns null | Readonly<PointOfView>

  • Sample the elevation at the specified coordinate.

    Note: this method does nothing if no elevation layer is present on the map, or if the sampling coordinate is not inside the map's extent.

    Note: sampling might return more than one sample for any given coordinate. You can sort them by entities.ElevationSample.resolution | resolution to select the best sample for your needs.

    Parameters

    • options: GetElevationOptions

      The options.

    • result: GetElevationResult = ...

      The result object to populate with the samples. If none is provided, a new empty result is created. The existing samples in the array are not removed. Useful to cumulate samples across different maps.

    Returns GetElevationResult

    The GetElevationResult containing the updated sample array. If the map has no elevation layer, this array is left untouched.

  • Gets the number of vertical and horizontal subdivisions for the root tile matrix.

    Returns {
        x: number;
        y: number;
    }

    • x: number
    • y: number
  • Checks if listener is added to an event type.

    Type Parameters

    • T extends
          | "initialized"
          | "frozen-property-changed"
          | "visible-property-changed"
          | "layer-order-changed"
          | "layer-added"
          | "layer-removed"
          | "elevation-changed"
          | "paint-complete"
          | "opacity-property-changed"
          | "clippingPlanes-property-changed"
          | "renderOrder-property-changed"
          | "object-created"

    Parameters

    Returns boolean

  • Moves the specified layer after the other layer in the list.

    Parameters

    Returns void

    If the layer is not present in the map.

    map.addLayer(foo);
    map.addLayer(bar);
    map.addLayer(baz);
    // Layers (back to front) : foo, bar, baz

    map.insertLayerAfter(foo, baz);
    // Layers (back to front) : bar, baz, foo
  • Returns true if this object belongs to this entity.

    Parameters

    • obj: unknown

      The object to test.

    Returns boolean

  • Moves the layer closer to the background.

    Note: this only applies to color layers.

    Parameters

    Returns void

    If the layer is not present in the map.

    map.addLayer(foo);
    map.addLayer(bar);
    map.addLayer(baz);
    // Layers (back to front) : foo, bar, baz

    map.moveLayerDown(baz);
    // Layers (back to front) : foo, baz, bar
  • Moves the layer closer to the foreground.

    Note: this only applies to color layers.

    Parameters

    Returns void

    If the layer is not present in the map.

    map.addLayer(foo);
    map.addLayer(bar);
    map.addLayer(baz);
    // Layers (back to front) : foo, bar, baz

    map.moveLayerUp(foo);
    // Layers (back to front) : bar, foo, baz
  • Notifies the parent instance that a change occured in the scene.

    Parameters

    • Optionalsource: unknown

    Returns void

  • Applies entity-level setup on a new object.

    Note: this method should be called from the subclassed entity to notify the parent class that a new 3D object has just been created, so that it can be setup with entity-wide parameters.

    Parameters

    Returns void

    // In the subclass
    const obj = new Object3D();

    // Notify the parent class
    this.onObjectCreated(obj);
  • Called when the rendering context has been lost.

    Parameters

    • options: {
          canvas: HTMLCanvasElement;
      }

      The options.

      • canvas: HTMLCanvasElement

    Returns void

  • Asynchronously preprocess the entity. This method may be overriden to perform any operation that must be done before the entity can be used in the scene, such as fetching metadata about a dataset, etc.

    Returns Promise<void>

    A promise that resolves when the entity is ready to be used.

  • This method is called just before update() to filter and select which elements should be actually updated. For example, in the case of complex entities made of a hierarchy of elements, the entire hierarchy may not need to be updated.

    Use this method to optimize the update step by reducing the number of elements to process.

    Note: if this functions returns nothing, update() will not be called.

    Parameters

    • context: Context

      the update context.

    • changeSources: Set<unknown>

      the objects that triggered an update step. This is useful to filter out unnecessary updates if no sources are relevant to this entity. For example, if one of the sources is a camera that moved during the previous frame, any entity that depends on the camera's field of view should be updated.

    Returns TileMesh[]

    the elements to update during update().

  • Perform raycasting on visible tiles.

    Parameters

    • raycaster: Raycaster

      The THREE raycaster.

    • intersects: Intersection<TileMesh>[]

      The intersections array to populate with intersections.

    Returns void

  • Removes a listener from an event type.

    Type Parameters

    • T extends
          | "initialized"
          | "frozen-property-changed"
          | "visible-property-changed"
          | "layer-order-changed"
          | "layer-added"
          | "layer-removed"
          | "elevation-changed"
          | "paint-complete"
          | "opacity-property-changed"
          | "clippingPlanes-property-changed"
          | "renderOrder-property-changed"
          | "object-created"

    Parameters

    Returns void

  • Removes a layer from the map.

    Parameters

    • layer: Layer<LayerEvents, LayerUserData>

      the layer to remove

    • options: {
          disposeLayer?: boolean;
      } = {}

      The options.

      • OptionaldisposeLayer?: boolean

        If true, the layer is also disposed.

    Returns boolean

    true if the layer was present, false otherwise.

  • Sets the orientation of the sphere.

    Note: this overrides the current orientation of the root object.

    Parameters

    • Optionalparams: {
          heading?: number;
          pitch?: number;
          roll?: number;
      }

      The parameters. If undefined, the orientation is reset to the default orientation.

      • Optionalheading?: number

        The heading (azimuth), in degrees. Zero is north, 90 is east, and so on.

        0
        
      • Optionalpitch?: number

        The pitch, in degrees. Positive values raise the image up.

      • Optionalroll?: number

        The roll, in degrees. Positives values tilt the image on the right.

    Returns void

  • Applies entity-level setup on new object's material.

    Subclasses can override this to setup custom logic, for instance if the entity can produce objects that are naturally transparent.

    Parameters

    • material: Material

      the material of the newly created object

    Returns void

  • This method is called before update to check if the MainLoop should try to update this entity or not. For better performances, it should return false if the entity has no impact on the rendering (e.g. the element is not visible).

    The inherited child can completely ignore this value if it makes sense.

    Returns boolean

    true if should check for update

  • This method is called at the beginning of the update step to determine if we should do a full render of the object. This should be the case if, for instance, the source is the camera.

    You can override this depending on your needs. The inherited child should not ignore this value, it should do a boolean OR, e.g.: return super.shouldFullUpdate(updateSource) || this.contains(updateSource);

    Parameters

    • updateSource: unknown

      Source of change

    Returns boolean

    true if requires a full update of this object

  • This method is called at the beginning of the update step to determine if we should re-render updateSource. Not used when shouldFullUpdate returns true.

    You can override this depending on your needs. The inherited child should not ignore this value, it should do a boolean OR, e.g.: return super.shouldUpdate(updateSource) || this.contains(updateSource);

    Parameters

    • updateSource: unknown

      Source of change

    Returns boolean

    true if requires an update of updateSource

  • Traverses all materials in the hierarchy of this entity.

    Parameters

    • callback: ((arg0: Material) => void)

      The callback.

        • (arg0): void
        • Parameters

          Returns void

    • root: undefined | Object3D<Object3DEventMap> = undefined

      The traversal root. If undefined, the traversal starts at the root object of this entity.

    Returns void

  • Traverses all tiles in the hierarchy of this entity.

    Parameters

    • callback: ((arg0: TileMesh) => void)

      The callback.

        • (arg0): void
        • Parameters

          • arg0: TileMesh

          Returns void

    • root: undefined | Object3D<Object3DEventMap> = undefined

      The raversal root. If undefined, the traversal starts at the root object of this entity.

    Returns void

  • Performs an update on an element of the entity.

    Note: this method will be called for each element returned by preUpdate().

    Parameters

    • context: Context

      the update context. This is the same object that the entity whose update() is being called.

    • node: TileMesh

    Returns undefined | unknown[]

    New elements to update

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